ProfessorAnya M. Reading

Project Total: $5,000,000; This proposal delivers a focused twoyear extension of the Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science (ACEAS) to maximise national benefit from Australias recent major investments in Antarctic field programs. The project concentrates on quantifying climate risks arising from East Antarctica and the Southern Ocean, with a particular emphasis on the DenmanShackleton glacier system, which has the potential to contribute up to ~1.5m to global mean sea level. Building on the established sevenuniversity ACEAS partnership funded by the Australian Research Council since 2020, the 20262028 program will prioritise the final analysis, synthesis and publication of unique datasets collected during the Denman Terrestrial Campaign and the Denman Marine Voyage, both supported by the Australian Antarctic Program. Activities will focus on integrated interpretation of marine and terrestrial observations, delivery of peerreviewed synthesis studies, and the development of new numerical modelling frameworks that link observations to future projections and downstream societal impacts. To provide scientific context and coherence, and ongoing national partnership, a limited level of broader ACEAS activity will be maintained to support cross-disciplinary synthesis across East Antarctica and the Southern Ocean, where it directly informs the Australian Antarctic Science Decadal Plan priorities. The project will sustain critical capability through targeted support for early-career researchers, national-scale collaboration within the Australian Antarctic Program, and robust data stewardship in accordance with FAIR principles. The program will deliver highimpact scientific outputs, publicly archived datasets, and clear, authoritative communication of findings to policymakers, stakeholders and the wider community, strengthening Australias leadership in Antarctic science at a pivotal moment for understanding icesheet stability and sealevel rise. Funded by: Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water - Grant-Special Research Initiatives ($5,000,000); Australian National University ($40,000); University of Canberra ($35,486); University of New South Wales ($20,000); University of Western Australia ($20,000); Curtin University ($17,000); University of Tasmania ($130,000).

Project Total: $3,760,000; This Fellowship aims to transform knowledge of subsurface Antarctica, which shapes how its ice sheets will respond to changing Southern Hemisphere climate regimes and new temperature extremes. Using innovative computation, and insights from seismic and interdisciplinary approaches, the research will expedite the discovery of new continental domains, hidden landscapes, geothermal heat and subglacial water flows. The overarching outcome will be a profound deepening of Australias ability to provide ongoing stewardship of the knowledge that underpins ice sheet response prediction. It will better enable the anticipation of environmental crises, such as accelerated sea level rise, and thus the mitigation of their social and economic impacts. Funded by: Australian Research Council - Fellowship-Laureate Fellowships ($3,759,998); University of Tasmania ($1,198,956).

Project Total: $1,193,746; This project will establish a new capability to reveal change in the outlet glacier systems of the vast Australian Antarctic Territory, East Antarctica. Machine learning will be applied to the seismic symphony of icequakes caused by the sudden vibrations of moving and cracking ice, tumbling melt water and ocean wave action. Highly significant, fast-changing outlets of the largest ice sheet on Earth will be analysed. Outcomes include a stepchange in the knowledge of how influences, such as reduced sea ice, are instigating new mechanisms for ice loss. Benefits include advanced training for the scientific and geotechnical workforce, and informing Australia's response to the timing of accelerated sea level rise and climate tipping points. Funded by: Australian Research Council - Grant-Discovery Projects ($1,183,744); University of Tasmania ($61,721).

Project Total: $275,000; GLAcier Collaborative Infrastructure, GLACI, is a pilot for an instrument facility to enable glacier geophysics research in Australia. This infrastructure facility will provide deployed/telemetered and portable instruments to investigate glaciers and adjacent areas (including ice sheets, ice streams and ice shelves). In recent years, several collaborative research initiatives centred at UTAS (ACEAS, AAPP) and Monash (SAEF) have increased Australias capacity for Antarctic glaciology and glacier geophysics research, and expertise exists across these centres to deploy such instrumentation and interpret the resulting data. Hence, an opportunity exists to establish collaborative infrastructure that could potentially transform Australias glacier data collection capability. This will boost research into glacier system processes and better constrain boundary conditions for ice sheet modelling. Funded by: AuScope Ltd - Grant ($275,000); University of Tasmania.

Project Total: $0; Collaborative agreement for Queen Maud Land voyage. Joint activities and collaboration during the Expedition may include: scientific and logistics collaboration; joint fieldwork and cooperation between the parties scientific teams; Interaction with White Desert clients as requested and feasible Participation in Northern Pictures documentary filming, Ages of Ice, whilein the field. Funded by: Monash University; University of Tasmania.

Project Total: $4,929,399; The Geophysical Research Infrastructure for Antarctica (GRIT) initiative represents a world-class capability for geophysical instrument deployments in polar conditions spanning multiple geophysical and geodetic techniques to leverage the value of combined datasets. This project supports the expansion, improvement and maintenance of seismic, GNSS and MT instrument sets and their deployment. Outcomes include a step change in societally relevant monitoring of Antarctic ice sheet change and Earths response through an expanded interdisciplinary user community. Funded by: AuScope Ltd - Opportunity Fund ($4,929,399); University of Tasmania.

Project Total: $600,000; The Geophysical Research Infrastructure for Antarctica (GRIT) initiative represents a world-class capability for geophysical instrument deployments in polar conditions spanning multiple geophysical and geodetic techniques to leverage the value of combined datasets. This project supports the purchase of magnetotelluric instruments and configuring installation hardware for Antarctic conditions. Funded by: AuScope Ltd - Opportunity Fund ($600,000); University of Tasmania.

Project Total: $22,302,208; The Centre will revolutionise predictions of the future of East Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. Changes in the Antarctic will be profoundly costly to Australia, including sea-level and fisheries impacts; but the speed and scale of future change remains poorly understood. A new national-scale and interdisciplinary Centre is required to understand the complex interactions of the ocean, ice sheets, atmosphere and ecosystems that will govern Antarctica's future. The Centre will combine new field data with innovative models to address Australia's Antarctic science priorities, train graduate students, develop leaders, engage the public, and enable major economic benefit as Australia adapts to climate change in the coming years and beyond. Funded by: Australian Research Council - Grant-Special Research Initiatives ($20,000,000); Australian National University ($975,664); University of New South Wales ($975,664); University of Melbourne ($87,720); University of Canberra ($87,720); University of Western Australia ($87,720); Curtin University ($87,720); University of Tasmania ($2,697,796).

Project Total: $622,270; This work aims to establish a way of detecting change in the great outlet glaciers of East Antarctica by analysing the small vibrations made by moving water or by cracking and sliding ice. Change in these glaciers is very significant because they hold back over 10 m of potential future sea level rise, but many melt and movement processes are hidden from satellite view. Expected outcomes include a semi-automated approach for remote area glacier monitoring using seismic signals, and recommendations for cost-effective future instrument deployments in key areas of East Antarctica. The new capability will be world-leading and pragmatic, enabling the risks of accelerated future coastal inundation affecting Australia to be better anticipated. Funded by: Australian Research Council - Grant-Discovery Projects ($622,270); University of Tasmania.

Project Total: $500,000; We aim to establish an Antarctic-based set of seismic instruments, a mobile facility, to provide data to help predict how ice sheets will evolve and how the continent under the ice sheets will respond to changes in ice load. Our approach to tackling such significant questions is innovative, and makes use of newly available, rapid deployment instruments that may be deployed in ice by a small team with light logistics. Outcomes will include maps of subice sediments and 3D images of the deep Earth. The facility will thus enable new knowledge relating to major ice sheets. Interdisciplinary use of the research will benefit Australia through an improved ability to plan for future sea level rise in areas with large coastal populations. Funded by: Australian Research Council - Grant-Linkage Infrastructure ($420,000); Australian National University ($80,000); University of Tasmania ($200,000).

Project Total: $113,424; We aim to infer the structure of the ice sheet-bedrock interface zone, in locations readily accessible from Casey station, in order to determine sediment thickness and characteristics such as saturation and bedrock composition at key locations. These properties form important boundary conditions for ice sheet modelling and are amongst the least-well known features of the hidden basal region of ice sheets. In anticipation of future opportunities relating to underway traverse logistics, an important innovation of this demonstration study is the use of newly available rapid deployment posthole seismometers. Funded by: Department of Environment and Energy (Cwth) - Grant-Australian Antarctic Science ($113,424); University of Tasmania ($18,000).

Project Total: $117,020; The Earth beneath Antarctica is not cold and static but highly dynamic. Its changing shape results from past and present changes in the amount of ice resting on it as well as forces internal to the Earth. These are very poorly understood in Antarctica, and in East Antarctica in particular. Understanding these processes requires a detailed understanding of the interior properties of the Earth and the history of ice loading changes from 20,000 years before present until today. Alternatively, by measuring present-day deformation using GPS, and inferring the properties of the Earth from seismology, we can obtain new information on the past and present ice loading changes. This project will lengthen existing East Antarctic GPS and seismic records to allow detection of new changes in deformation patterns and to estimate Earth's interior properties and long-term deformation rates. These remain necessary for understanding Antarctica's contribution to past and present sea level change. Funded by: Department of Environment and Energy (Cwth) - Grant-Australian Antarctic Science ($117,020); University of Tasmania.

Project Total: $460,000; We will establish a physical basis for the sensitivity of seismic observations to small changes in the great ice sheets of East Antarctica. These ice sheets are vulnerable to partial collapse or accelerated retreat. Early changes in such ice sheets may take place in the hidden ice-rock interface zone and could be detected by subtle changes in seismic signals that pass through layers of ice, sediments, water and bedrock in this zone. We will undertake computer simulations, run tests on pre-existing data and examine two case studies: the Aurora and Wilkes Basins. The outcomes of this research will provide a basis for an early warning of ice sheet collapse using seismology, and contribute to future increased resilience to sea level rise. Funded by: Australian Research Council - Grant-Discovery Projects ($460,000); University of Tasmania.

Project Total: $5,000; Small project in support of External, Part-time PhD student, Stephen Meyer, who is employed by the Institute for Mine Seismology Funded by: Institute of Mine Seismology Pty Ltd ($5,000); University of Tasmania.

Project Total: $215,000; Regional-scale geophysical data acquisition using the magnetotelluric method and production of transect cross-sections images Funded by: Mineral Resources Tasmania ($65,000); University of Adelaide ($150,000); University of Tasmania.

Project Total: $12,756,508; The ARC Research Hub for Transforming the Mining Value Chain will make significant improvements to industry practices along the mining value chain. These changes will enhance ore deposit discovery, mineral processing, and environmental management of ores and waste materials. The Hub will bring together a team of world-class researchers, industry partners and research facilities to deliver end-user driven solutions that are critical to improving profitability and productivity in Australia's mining industry. Funded by: Australian Research Council - Grant-Industrial Transformation Research Hub ($6,408,215); AMIRA International Ltd ($4,760,878); Newcrest Mining Limited ($826,000); BHP Billiton Ltd ($761,415); University of Tasmania ($638,690).

Project Total: $148,743; The large distances between tide gauges around global coastlines, including Australia's, combined with spatial variability in sea level, means that multidecadal changes in sea-level cannot be well quantified along most coastlines. An alternative data source with greater spatial sampling, satellite altimetry, experiences contamination from land within tens of km from the coast and also suffers from regionally correlated biases. Here we propose to address both problems using re-analysed (re-tracked) radar altimetry waveforms to derive new data in the coastal margin- enabling us to produce new inferences on sea-level change and extremes at dramatically improved spatial resolution around Australia. Funded by: Department of Environment and Energy (Cwth) - Grant-Australian Antarctic Science ($148,743); University of Tasmania.

Project Total: $4,500; This is an agreement relating to the collaboration, operation and management of the ANSIR facility. Anya Reading was appointed Director pursuant to cl 3.15 of the ANSIR Agreement on approx 20/3/15. Accordingly, UTAS is to collect the fees from each member ($5,500: $500 per institution) and a research ledger account is required. The attached Collaboration Agreement has been saved as a financial agreement. Expenditure of the funds is primarily for Travel for members. Funded by: Australian National University ($500); University of Melbourne ($500); Geoscience Australia ($500); University of Adelaide ($500); University of Western Australia ($500); Macquarie University ($500); Victoria University ($500); University of Sydney ($500); University of Auckland ($500); University of Tasmania ($500).

Project Total: $368,200; This project will improve our understanding of the severe ocean storms that impact Australia. Our novel approach will make use of multiple decades of the background 'noise' that is recorded continuously by earthquake seismic observatories, to locate and analyse ocean storms through time, and identify changes in storm tracks. An interdisciplinary interpretation will follow which combines the large body of new results from seismology with data from oceanography and meteorology. The significant advancement in our knowledge of severe storms will benefit Australia by finding out whether such storms are becoming more severe or, alternatively, if storm patterns are shifting. Funded by: Australian Research Council - Grant-Discovery Projects ($368,200); University of Tasmania.

Project Total: $252,500; This proposal aims to deploy geophysical equipment within Antarctica to understand how Earth responds to changes in stress (rheology) within the crust and upper mantle (the upper ~660km). It exploits a globally unique natural experiment that commenced in 2002 with the break-up of the Larsen B Ice Shelf and which was followed by large-scale ice-mass unloading and rapid surface deformation. New broadband passive seismic and geodetic deformation measurements offer the promise of resolving a dichotomy between laboratory and millennial-scale determinations of Earth rheology through uniquely studying a time-scale midway between these extremes, whilst further strengthening Australia's emerging expertise in polar geophysics. Funded by: Australian Research Council - Grant-Linkage Infrastructure ($190,000); Australian National University ($47,500); University of South Florida ($10,000); University of Alaska ($5,000); University of Tasmania ($60,000).

Project Total: $148,428; Funded by: Mineral Resources Tasmania ($148,428); University of Tasmania.

Project Total: $314,000; Funded by: Australian Research Council - Grant-Linkage Projects Round 1; Australian National University; University of Tasmania.

Project Total: $20,000; Funded by: University of Tasmania - Grant-Cross Theme; University of Tasmania ($20,000).

Project Total: $140,000; Storm events in ocean areas generate seismic energy. This project uses data from Australian seismic arrays to find the location and severity of Southern Ocean storms through several decades. This adds a vast amount of information for remote regions where there are no direct weather and sea-state observations. The research tests the hypothesis that the Southern Ocean storm patterns in the deep ocean are changing, which has profound implications for the global climate system. The project investigates the variation in wave energy along remote areas of the continent of Australia, over several decades, to inform large scale coastal defence planning and optimise seismic imaging. Funded by: Australian Research Council - Grant-Discovery Projects ($140,000); University of Tasmania.

Project Total: $1,050; Funded by: University of Tasmania - Grant-Conference Support Scheme; University of Tasmania ($1,050).